SCAM - Some hot companies advertise that they have these special heaters that are so energy efficient and are the "best"; yea, sure they do.
If you read this and don't care about the type of heater you get, I would rather have you find a company that makes heaters and just buy 5 of them and put it in a #$%TY. You can pretend that you have high grade heaters that are so special and slap on a brand and start a business! PLEASE, DON'T.
Wood One of the first types of hot tub heaters are the wood burning variety. These heaters are the most economical, but you can only use them with wooden hot tubs. Wood burning heaters are fueled by coal or cord wood and heat very efficiently. These hot tub heaters are suitable for people who rarely use their hot tub.
The advantage of these heaters is that you won't need electricity or a circulating pump because the heating of the water creates natural pumping action. This disadvantage of these hot tub heaters is that you just can't turn on a switch and heat the water. You will have to prepare the heater before you use it.
Electric There are also electric hot tub heaters. These heaters are extremely easy to use. All that is required to use these heaters is a standard electrical outlet. You won't have to install any additional wiring besides the standard hookup. These hot tub heaters are self-contained, as they are installed inside of the cabinet of the hot tub.
The advantage of using an electric heater is that it is extremely convenient and easy to fix it something ever happens to it. The drawback with this type of heater is that it is expensive to use, as it will increase your electric bill with all of the energy that it uses.
Gas The final type of heater is the gas variety. These hot tub heaters are powered by natural gas or propane. They are ideal for people who frequently use their hot tubs during cold weather. One of the advantages of these hot tubs is that they heat up the water much quicker than electric heaters. They are also less expensive to operate than heaters that use electricity.
Before even thinking about buying a hot tub, decide if you are going to need insulation and how much of it. Are you going to keep it outside in the cold or are you going to keep it in your house where its room temperature.
You can get away with a cheaper hot tub but with high quality components if you buy from someone who has a high quality hot tub but with little insulation if you don't need it. MOST HOT TUBS WITH LOW INSULATION ARE LOW QUALITY HOT TUBS. VERY FEW ARE GOOD THAT HAVE LITTLE INSULATION.
If you are going to keep it outside all winter, you will need lots of high grade polyurethane foam between the cabinet and the hot tub shell. The best foam insulations are packed tight (very little air space). The best insulated saunas will keep out ALL outside air.
Some newer types of insulating systems use the heat coming from the friction of the motor for more insulation. It's a way of recycling the heat instead of letting it vent outside. There is a noticible difference in the power bill when the warm air from the motor is recycled to warm the hot tub. The correct term to describe how this works is "venturi". You can google it to learn more about it.
NOTE:
You have 2 choices to heat up your hot tub. You can do it faster with a bigger heater or you can do it slower with a smaller heater. If you are not heating a hot tub that is in the freezing cold, you might not want to invest in a larger heater.
The difference in energy consumption can mean you are using 1.5 KW to 11.5 KW. The smaller the heater, the more you save but there is a point when it takes too much time or that it won't get to the "hotness" that you want if the hot tub is in the cold.
All of the major brand hot tubs can heat the water to 103 degrees even in the coldest climates. It just depends on how fast you want it done.
BEWARE: Almost every hot tub company now uses closed cell polyurethane foam. I haven't seen any hot tub companies use foam rubber anymore. Don't think the dealer is selling you a better hot tub by saying they use the new type of foam. This sales tactic worked back in the days when foam rubber became obsolete... this is an old trick that many companies use when talking to naive customers. (Open cell foam is known as foam rubber). This is what is used in the cushions of car seats.
Beware of this insulation pitch: Our foams are denser! The scam is that foams with higher density traps less air in the cells. The way insulation works is by trapping warm air in the insulation. Call any home builder who insulates houses and they will confirm this. Beware of the shady salesperson who says this just to get you to buy their hot tub that is cheap to make with inferior foams. The only way to sell a foam rubber hot tub is to be misleading.
When buying a hot tub, find out what the density of their foams are. You should be told something like, "our foams are 1 lb, 2.5 lb, etc. Beware of cheap foam even if it does sound like it fits your requirements. Cheap foams will attract moisture and replace the air with water inside the cells. This will totally mess up the insulation. This water saturated foam is hard to get rid of. Always get it in writing the density of the foam. A more expensive hot tub will usually have less dense foam.
Blanketing Process: Just like you might put on layers of clothes in the winter and use several blankets while sleeping, hot tubs also need layers of foam insulation. You should always ask what the R value of the hot tub is before buying it. This means, know the ability of the foam's ability to block cold air from replacing the hot air.
Always get a quote in writing from your hot tub dealer about how much it costs to keep the hot tub "hot". Get costs based on having the hot tub outside in the cold as well as in room temperatures.
Heater Types:
Heater Costs: Costs can range from around 9 dollars a month up to 18 dollars a month on average to just heat up the pool. You might have to pay up front more to get better insulation or invest in a better heater or you might just need to add a few orgonn chips on the hot tub cord (they are just a dollar each) unless you get a cone which is about 30 dollars but they can save you about 25% off your electricity bill (just don't get caught with them). I don't sell them but you can get them on the internet.
Note: Many heaters get coated with scale quicker than other hot tub heaters. Many people have told me that they were old. It usually is the case of the type of water used and the TDS and voltage etc of the water. By knowing how to treat this it can mean replacing the heaters much less often.